cell

TCR-like antibodies tackle celiac diseaseIngestion of gluten-containing food triggers the gastrointestinal symptoms of celiac disease in patients with CD4+ T cells specific for deamidated gluten peptides presented by disease-associated…

Tracing TRM rootsTissue-resident memory cells (TRM) established in peripheral tissues after initial antigen exposure are poised to rapidly respond upon reinfection. Parga-Vidal et al. used Hobit reporter/deleter mice to map the origin and…

DNA repair amplifies transcriptional noiseThe potential role of “noise,” or stochastic variations in rates of gene expression, remains to be elucidated. Desai et al. used screens to identify a compound, 5′-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine (IdU), that…

SummaryBarrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition with increased risk for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Surveillance relies on regular endoscopy with biopsies to detect dysplasia (disordered cellular growth)…

Zooming in on T cell clones: Are we heading to personalized treatment of allergy? By Netali Ben-Baruch Morgenstern, Mark Rochman, Marc E. Rothenberg Science Immunology13 Aug 2021…

Who nose the T cell subsets in nasal polyps?Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps suffer from comorbid asthma and often undergo repeated surgical resections of their nasal polyps. These nasal polyps associate with type 2…

AbstractTechnological advancements in blood glucose monitoring and therapeutic insulin administration have improved the quality of life for people with type 1 diabetes. However, these efforts fall short of replicating the exquisite…

Sensing metabolic shiftsHuman γδ T cells play a critical role in surveillance against infection and cancer and use various mechanisms to sense metabolic changes associated with these assaults. Harly et al. describe a role for the stress…

Pax5 regulates mature B cellB cells are a crucial part of adaptive immune responses, so better understanding their development and maturation is crucial. B cell development is controlled by the transcription factor Pax5, but it is not known…

Getting around the blood–brain barrierThe meninges comprise three membranes that surround and protect the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have noted the existence of myeloid cells resident there, but little is known about their…

Adipose thermogenesis is a conserved response to environmental cold or dietary excess and is classically triggered by ligand-dependent receptor activation. Johansen et al. report that cold regulation of Gs-coupled receptor expression…

Executing tumor cell deathThere is increasing interest in developing cancer immunotherapies that target the innate immune pathways regulating cytokine production and cell death, but the interplay between these two closely connected…

SummaryMammalian stem cells exhibit deficiencies in innate immunity regulated by interferons (IFNs), so they rely on constitutive expression of some IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) (1) and Argonaute 2 (AGO2)–dependent RNA interference (RNAi)…

T cells are thought to integrate information from multiple encounters with antigen-presenting cells to become activated. To explore how the dynamics of T cell receptor signaling influence such a process, Harris et al. developed an optically…

A boost from infectionDuring clinical trials of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines, no one who had survived infection with the virus was tested. A year after the pandemic was declared, vaccination of previously…

Rewiring aged T cellsAge-associated decline in T cell function contributes to impaired immune responses to infection and vaccination. Effector versus memory T cell differentiation is controlled in part by signaling and metabolic…

Probing CD4 T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2A better understanding of CD4+ T cell responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial to the design of effective next-generation vaccines. Low et al. defined and…

Cell size set by cell cycle regulationIn the Arabidopsis meristem, cell sizes are regularized despite asymmetric cell divisions. D'Ario et al. describe a balanced regulatory system that controls the duration of the growth phase of the cell…

SummaryThe stimulation of T cells with foreign or self-antigens plays a central role in the adaptive immune responses to infection and cancer but also in autoimmunity. T cells use a sophisticated molecular machinery to recognize and respond…