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COVID-19 shots targeting delta variant may be needed, researchers say

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Vaccines targeting the highly transmissible delta variant may now be needed given its ability to infect people with fading immunity and potentially increased severity, researchers leading a large English study of COVID-19 shots have said.

A third wave of English cases has been driven by the delta strain among both unvaccinated people тАФ especially those between the ages of 12 and 24 тАФ as well as some people who had received COVID-19 shots, according to authors of a study of samples from about 98,000 people in England. The effectiveness of vaccines at stopping infection during the study period fell to 49%, the researchers estimated, down from 64% in a month earlier. VaccinesтАЩ protection against development of COVID-19 symptoms was 59%, down from 83%.

тАЬDevelopment of vaccines against delta may be warranted,тАЭ in the light of evidence that the strainтАЩs spike protein has mutated to a point where antibodies raised by current shots are becoming less effective, the researchers said.

The U.S., U.K. and Israel are among the most fully vaccinated countries in the world, yet all have seen surges in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations linked to the delta strain. Health officials in the U.S. have said theyтАЩre pleading with the hesitant to get immunized to try to control the spread of the virus, which has potential to lead to further, more dangerous mutations.

Despite the losses, current vaccines continue to give a relatively high degree of protection, the researchers from institutions across the U.K. said. Fully immunized people were three times less likely to catch delta than non-immunized peers, and less likely to suffer bouts of symptomatic COVID-19 or to pass the virus on to others if they did get infected, according to the study.

The study, called React-1, looked at results of COVID-19 testing from June 24 to July 12. The period roughly corresponds to a surge in infections across the U.K. as the delta variant came to fully displace the alpha strain that was first detected in the countryтАЩs south and caused last winterтАЩs horrors.

Breakthrough infections among fully vaccinated people are becoming an increasingly important issue in countries with high vaccination rates. Such concerns still affect just a small portion of the world as only 13% of people are fully vaccinated globally, most of them in the developed world, the authors noted.

Infections during the period of the study centered more than ever on the countryтАЩs youth, with about half of the positive swabs coming from people between the ages of 5 and 24. That age group only accounts for a quarter of EnglandтАЩs population, according to the report, which hasnтАЩt yet been peer-reviewed.

The age breakdown suggests that interventions targeting younger people could have a тАЬdisproportionateтАЭ impact on slowing waves of COVID-19, the authors wrote. By vaccinating people between the ages of 12 and 17, for example, health officials could тАЬsubstantially reduce transmission potential in the autumn when levels of social mixing increase,тАЭ the authors said.

тАЬOur vaccination rollout is building a wall of defense that means we can carefully ease restrictions and get back to the things we love, but we need to be cautious as we learn to live with this virus,тАЭ Health and Social Care Secretary Sajid Javid said in a statement regarding the report.

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